Physics-Informed Neural Networks for Sonic Log Synthesis and Petrophysical Prediction: A Leave-One-Well-Out Uncertainty Assessment
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.70882/josrar.2026.v3i4.250Keywords:
Physics-informed neural networks, Synthetic sonic log, Uncertainty, Leave-one-well-out cross-validationAbstract
Missing logs in petrophysical analysis of Niger Delta Wells (especially Sonic DT logs) is a common problem and most of the time a regression fit or a synthetic sonic log is sometimes used to solve for this missing logs. When a sonic log is synthesized rather than measured, does the uncertainty of that synthesis actually affect the porosity and permeability predicted from it? This study builds a three-stage physics-informed neural network (PINN) pipeline for six TMB field wells. Stage 1 predicts sonic transit time from gamma ray, resistivity, spontaneous potential, and shale volume, constrained by a Wyllie time-average residual. Stage 2 jointly predicts porosity and permeability from a wider log suite, tied together by a Timur-Coates residual. Stage 3 tests whether ensemble spread widens when its sonic input is synthetic rather than measured. Leave-one-well-out cross-validation gave Stage 1 R² between -1.47 and -0.45, a result random-split validation missed entirely. In Stage 2, one-fold initially failed because an input feature fell outside the training range; injecting random-magnitude synthetic noise into the DT input during training fixed it, recovering all folds. Porosity R² ranged from 0.68 to 0.88, permeability R² from 0.78 to 0.93. A controlled sweep of stated DT uncertainty, holding all else constant, showed ensemble spread narrowing, not widening, as declared uncertainty increased: the network leaned harder on its more robust inputs and agreed with itself more — the opposite of what a downstream user would want. Deep-ensemble spread captures cross-well extrapolation risk well, but it does not propagate a known upstream uncertainty downstream; treating ensemble variance as a stand-in for input-confidence tracking will quietly mislead.References
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Copyright (c) 2026 Oludare Olukayode Babalola, Odunayo Christiana Ogunleye, Racheal Foluke Oloruntola, Rukayat Damilola Adedokun (Author)

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