Author Guidelines

The Journal of Science Research and Reviews (JOSRAR) is an international peer-reviewed online and print Open Access Journal in English, aimed at making important contributions in the field of Engineering, Science and Technology. The aim of JOSRAR is to increase the impact of innovative research both in academia and industry, with strong emphasis on quality and originality. JOSRAR publishes Original Research Articles, Short Communications, Review Articles in all areas of Engineering, Science and Technology.

The journal welcomes submission from scholars and experts for possible publication from all over the world. The scope of the journal includes: electrical, civil, mechanical, electromechanics, chemical, petroleum, computer control and mechatronics, production and metallurgy, material and environmental, physics, biology, chemistry, computer, mathematics, material, laser, geophysics, biochemistry and biophysics, cell, molecular, and developmental biology and genetics, computational biology and bioinformatics, medicinal chemistry, biological chemistry, and biophysical chemistry, microbiology, immunology, and virology, physiology and pathology, bioengineering, biomedical engineering, and biochemical engineering, biomaterials, natural products, and materials science, therapeutics and diagnostics, biosensors, and devices,  agriculture, statistics, nutrition and food science, pharmaceutical sciences, polymer and textile sciences, process modeling and computational analysis, renewable energy and waste to resource processes, among others.

 

Manuscript Categories

JOSRAR publishes Full Research Papers, Reviews, Communications and Book Reviews.

Articles should be original research work written in English in a concise and understandable manner. It is advised that authors who may want professional assistance with improving the English, or formatting in their manuscript should do so before submitting their manuscript. Manuscript should be in MS word, single-spaced on A4 (8.5" x 11") paper size with 1 inch margins. Article should be in the order:

 

  • Title Page
  • Abstract
  • Keywords
  • Introduction
  • Materials and Methods
  • Results and Discussion
  • Conclusion
  • Conflict of Interest
  • Acknowledgement
  • References

The title should be concise and reflect the key elements of the research. The title should be followed by authors’ full name and affiliations. The corresponding author should be indicated with an asterisk and provide the full corresponding address (e-mail address and telephone number).

 

Ingredients of title

  • Titles are of great importance for current awareness and for information retrieval.
  • Avoid abbreviations and formulae, where possible.
  • The wording of titles should be chosen carefully to provide information on the contents and to function as "points of entry" for information retrieval. Symbols, formulas, or arbitrary abbreviations should not be included in the title, except chemical symbols to indicate the structure of isotopically labelled compounds.
  • The title of the manuscript must be written in lower case except for the first word and proper nouns.

 

Author names and affiliations

  • Author names must be given in full, with surnames (family names) first. E.g. Adam, Halima; Sulaiman, Muhammad Jibril (this will enhance the 'findability' of your publication).
  • Present the authors' affiliation addresses (where the actual work was done) below the names.
  • Indicate all affiliations with a lowercase superscript number immediately after the author's name and in front of the appropriate address.
  • Author addresses must be given in English in the following order: Department, Faculty, University/College/Institution, City, Country, with numbers in superscript after each author name to indicate his/her address.  
  • Provide the full postal address of each affiliation, including the country name for each author.

 

Corresponding Author

You should designate one author to act as corresponding author. Note that this is the person who will receive correspondence from JOSRAR editorial office and needs to be the person who will appear as corresponding author on the paper if accepted.

The manuscript has to be submitted online by the person who is in charge of correspondence at all stages of the editorial process, production, and post-publication. Ensure that phone numbers (with country and area codes) are provided, in addition to the e-mail address (preferably an institutional e-mail address) and the complete postal address. Contact details of the other authors must be kept up to date by the corresponding author.

 

Abstract

Abstract should start on a new page after the title page. A concise and factual abstract, which is unstructured, is required. Abstract should briefly state the purpose of the research, methodology, principal results, main findings, major conclusions and should not be more than 300 words. Abstracts should not be referenced and the use of abbreviations should be minimized and spelled out when first used.

 

Keywords

Abstract should be followed by 4-6 keywords, provided by the authors and separated by a 'coma'. The keywords should be listed in full without abbreviations, except otherwise.

 

Introduction

A referenced introduction should set the work in context. The introduction should be kept to a minimum length and relevant to the research described. It should state the rationale, justifications and objectives of the research. Detailed descriptions of routine experimental procedures should be avoided. The introduction must be designed to inform the reader of the rationale and significance of the study.

 

Materials and Methods

Authors should provide sufficient experimental details to allow others to reproduce the findings presented, but where necessary, synthetic and bioassay protocols should refer to published procedures by literature citation of the original method and any later modifications used. Spectroscopic data for characterization of new compounds should be described in sufficient detail. Plants must be properly identified and authenticated by a taxonomist or experienced botanist and specimen must be deposited in recognized herbarium and voucher number must be stated. Where possible, supporting Information can be useful for presenting experimental details while limiting the size of the main document.

 

Ethical consideration on use of experimental animals and human subjects

Experiments involving the use of live animals must include a statement of approval by an ethical committee and certifying that such experiments were performed in accordance with all international guidelines and regulations. For experiments involving humans or tissue samples, a statement that informed consent was obtained from the subject or from the next of kin must be included.

 

Results and Discussion

The Results and Discussion may be combined into a single section or presented separately. They may also be broken into subsections with short, informative headings. Authors should present their data in a clear and interpretative manner. Presentation of data should not be duplicated. Discussion should interpret the results and relate them to existing knowledge in the field (with relevant literature). Supporting information can be used if this help to make the result clearer. All results presented in tabular form or graphical form should be comprehensively described in this section.

 

Conclusion

Authors should state their conclusions or the significance of their findings following the discussion of results. Conclusions should also be summarized in the abstract in order to place the author’s research in proper perspective. The main conclusions of the study should be presented in a short Conclusions section, which stands alone. You should explain whether your findings supported your hypothesis. Avoid using references in conclusion section.

 

List of abbreviations

If abbreviations are used in the text, they should be defined in the text where first used.

 

Figures/Graphics and Tables

Tables and figures not displaying the results of the experiment should be placed within the body of the manuscript closed to the point where they are mentioned. All tables and figures should be referred to in the text of the manuscript.

 

Figures

Figures, including graphs and diagrams, must be professionally and clearly presented. If a figure is not easy to understand or does not appear to be of a suitable quality, the editor may ask to re-render or omit it.

All figures must be cited within the main text as stated above, in consecutive order using Arabic numerals (e.g. Figure 1, Figure 2, etc.).

Each figure must have an accompanying descriptive main title. This should clearly and concisely summarise the content and/or use of the figure image. A short additional figure legend is optional to offer a further description.

  • Figure 1: 1685 map of London.
  • Figure 1: 1685 map of London. Note the addition of St Paul’s Cathedral, absent from earlier maps.

Figure titles and legends should be placed within the text document, either after the paragraph of their first citation, or as a list after the references.

The source of the image should be included, along with any relevant copyright information and a statement of authorisation (if needed).

  • Figure 1: Firemen try to free workers buried under piles of concrete and metal girders. Photo: Claude-Michel Masson. Reproduced with permission of the photographer.

If your figure file includes text then please present the font as Ariel, Helvetica, or Verdana. This will mean that it matches the typeset text.

NOTE: Standard formats accepted are: JPG, TIFF, GIF, PNG, EPS. For line drawings, please provide the original vector file (e.g. .ai, or .eps).

 

Tables

Tables should have the following characteristics:

  • The table should be created using table format feature. Ensure each data entry is in its own table cell.
  • Tables should be without borders and shadings except for column headings and bottom border.
  • Tables should be consecutively numbered using Arabic numerals.
  • Tables should have a descriptive heading that, together with the individual column headings, makes the table self-explanatory.
  • Footnotes should be given letter designations and cited in the table by superscript letters.

 

Figures/Graphics

Figures/graphics should give the reader a quick visual representation of the important results and/or the essence of the paper without providing specific details. All figures/graphics should be submitted using the following guidelines:

 

Conflict-of-Interest Disclosure

A statement describing any financial conflicts of interest or lack thereof is published with each manuscript. During the submission process, the corresponding author must provide this statement on behalf of all authors of the manuscript.

 

Acknowledgements

Funding bodies and all those who assisted in the work but may not qualify as an author can be acknowledged in this section.

 

References

In-text citations

Every use of information from other sources must be cited in the text so that it is clear that external material has been used.

If the author is already mentioned in the main text, then the year should follow the name within parenthesis.

  • Both Jones (2013) and Brown (2010) showed that …

If the author’s name is not mentioned in the main text, then the surname and year should be inserted, in parenthesis, after the relevant text. Multiple citations should be separated by semi-colon and follow alphabetical order.

  • The statistics clearly show this to be untrue (Brown 2010; Jones 2013).

If three or more authors are part of the citation then ‘et al.’ should follow the first author’s name.

  • (Jones et al. 2008)

If citations are used from the same author and the same year, then a lowercase letter, starting from ‘a’, should be placed after the year.

  • (Jones 2013a; Jones 2013b)

For publications authored and published by organisations, use the short form of the organisation’s name or its acronym in lieu of the full name.

  • (ICRC 2000) NOT (International Committee of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies 2000)

Please do not include URLs in parenthetical citations, but rather cite the author or page title and include all details, including the URL, in the reference list.

Reference list

All citations must be listed at the end of the text file, in alphabetical order of authors’ surnames.

All reading materials should be included in ‘References’ – works which have not been cited within the main text, but which the author wishes to share with the reader, must be cited as additional information in endnotes explaining the relevance of the work. This will ensure that all works within the reference list are cited within the text.

NOTE: If multiple works by the same author are being listed, please re-type the author’s name out for each entry, rather than using a long dash.

Reference format

NOTE: The URL or DOI (if available) should be included for all reference entries, where possible.

Books:

Surname, Initial(s). Year of publication. Title. Edition. Place of publication: publisher. Series and volume number if relevant.

  • Adam, D.J. (1984). Stakeholder analysis. 2nd ed. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Silverman, D.F. and Propp, K.K. (eds.). (1990). The active interview. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.
  • Young, H.D., Tueb, H., Anaba, Y. O. (2015). Sears and Zemansky's university physics. San Francisco, CA: Addison-Wesley.

Chapters within books:

Surname, Initial(s). Year of publication. ‘Title of chapter or section’, in Initial. Surname of book editor (ed.). Title of book. Place of publication: publisher. Page reference.

  • Franklin, A.W. (2012). 'Management of the problem', in S.M. Smith (ed.). The maltreatment of children. Lancaster: MTP, pp. 83–95.

Journal articles:

Surname, Initial(s). Year of publication. ‘Title’, Journal title, vol(issue), page. Available at: DOI (Accessed: date).

  • Shirazi, T. (2010). 'Successful teaching placements in secondary schools: achieving QTS practical handbooks', European Journal of Teacher Education, 33(3), pp. 323–326. Available at: https://libezproxy.open.ac.uk/login?url=https://search.ebscohost.com/log... (Accessed: 27 January 2023).
  • Shirazi, T. and Ulieha, K. L. (2010). 'Successful teaching placements in secondary schools: achieving QTS practical handbooks', European Journal of Teacher Education, 33(3), pp. 323–326.
  • Barke, M., Joseph, E. and Mowl, G. (2016). 'Málaga – a failed resort of the early twentieth century?', Journal of Tourism History, 2(3), pp. 187–212. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1080/1755182X.2010.523145

Newspaper articles [print]:

Surname, Initial(s). Year of publication. 'Title of article', Title of Newspaper, Day and month, Page reference.

  • Mansell, W. and Bloom, A. (2012). ‘£10,000 carrot to tempt physics experts’, The Guardian, 20 June, p. 5.

Newspaper articles [online]:

Surname, Initial(s). Year of publication. 'Title of article', Title of Newspaper, Day and month, Page reference if available. Available at: URL (Accessed: date).

Roberts, D. and Ackerman, S. (2013). 'US draft resolution allows Obama 90 days for military action against Syria', The Guardian, 4 September. Available at: http://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/sep/04/syria-strikes-draft-resolut... (Accessed: 9 September 2015).

Conference papers:

Surname, Initial(s). Year. 'Paper title', Conference title. Place of conference, Date of conference. Place of publication: Publisher, Page numbers.

  • Galar, D. (2014). 'SMART: integrating human safety risk assessment with Asset Integrity', Advances in condition monitoring of machinery in non–stationary operations, proceedings of the third international conference on condition monitoring of machinery in non–stationary operations, CMMNO, 2013. Ferrara, Italy, 8-10 May. Berlin: Springer, pp. 37–59.

Organisational publications/Grey literature:

Author group. Year. Title. Place of publication: Publisher

  • World Health Organization. (2010). The world health report – Health systems financing: the path to universal coverage. Geneva, Switzerland: WHO.

Theses and dissertations:

Surname, Initial(s). Year. Title. Award and Type of qualification. Awarding body. Available at: URL (Accessed: date).

  • Tomlinson, S.E. (2009). Understanding the friction between human fingers and contacting surfaces. PhD thesis. University of Sheffield. Available at: http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/150 (Accessed: 14 October 2015).

Webpages / PDFs:

Surname, Initial(s). Year site was published/last updated. Title of web page. Available at: URL (Accessed: date).

Rosen, M. (2021). Michael Rosen Biography. Available at: https://www.michaelrosen.co.uk/for-adults-biography/ (Accessed: 26 April 2021).

 

Editorial process and Peer Review

All submitted manuscripts are subject to initial appraisal by the Editor. If found suitable for further consideration and publication, manuscripts are subject to peer review by independent, competent, experts and anonymous referees. Receipt of the manuscript will be acknowledged by email. Every effort will be made to complete the review process within shortest possible time. Papers should be submitted electronically by visiting the journal website.

 

Publication cost/Open Access Fees

Accepted articles will be published online for free open access for all to view. Open access publishing provides the maximum dissemination of the article to the largest audience.

 

Publication Charges

All corresponding authors will be asked to pay their publication charges as open access fee (given below) per published article which allows indefinite free-to-view online publication. There is a review charge of #5,000.00 Naira (for Nigerian authors), USD$25 (for international authors) for submitting a manuscript. Upon acceptance of a paper for publication, the authors will also be required to pay publication charges of #30,000.00 Naira (for Nigerian authors), USD$ 100 (for international authors) before the accepted paper is published. The mode of payment is available under the payment option menu. For further details, e-mail: josrareditorialteam@gmail.com

 

Submission Preparation Checklist

As part of the submission process, authors are required to check off their submission's compliance with all the following items, and submissions may be returned to authors that do not adhere to these guidelines.

  1. The submission has not been previously published, in part or in whole, nor is it before another journal for consideration (or an explanation has been provided in Comments to the Editor).
  2. All third-party-owned materials used have been identified with appropriate credit lines, and permission has been obtained from the copyright holder for all formats of the journal. Authors acknowledge their responsibility to gain all permissions prior to submission.
  3. All authors qualify as authors, as defined in the authorship guidelines, and have given permission to be listed on the submitted paper.
  4. Tables are all cited in the main text and are included within the text document.
  5. Figures are all cited in the main text and are uploaded as supplementary files. Figures/images have a resolution of at least 150dpi (300dpi or above preferred). The files are in one of the following formats: JPG, TIFF, GIF, PNG, EPS (to maximise quality, the original source file is preferred).
  6. All patients included within case reports or other article types in which an individual or a group of individuals can be identified have signed informed consent forms, or had had their legal guardian do so, giving permission to publish the submitted content under a CC-BY licence.
  7. Research has been approved by an appropriate ethics committee, with the name of the committee and reference number of approval included within the submitted file. Otherwise, a statement that ethics approval was not required has been added to the file.
  8. The text adheres to the stylistic and bibliographic requirements outlined in the Author Guidelines. Every effort has been made to ensure that the submission is ready for peer review according to the journal's review policy. If submitting to a peer-reviewed section of the journal, the submitted files (including file properties) have been anonymised - see our guidelines on how to anonymise a manuscript for peer review

 

Privacy Statement

The names and email addresses entered in this journal site will be used exclusively for the stated purposes of this journal and will not be made available for any other purpose or to any other party.

 

Frequency of Publication

Bimonthly, with rapid review and publication.

 

Abstracting/Indexing

Papers published are abstracted and indexed by scientific indexing services such as Google Scholar, etc.

 

Copyright Notice

Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:

 

  1. Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution license that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
  2. The default license for this journal is a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives license (CC BY-NC-ND), however authors can request that their work be published under a different CC-BY license if required by their funding organisation. If needed, authors should clearly state this and the relevant CC-BY license in their cover letter during submission of their manuscript.
  3. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
  4. Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work

 

For details:

Editor-in-Chief:
Professor O. M. Olarewaju
Journal of Science Research and Reviews (JOSRAR)
(Official Journal of Erdel Scientific Research Group)
Faculty of Computing, Federal University Dutsin=Ma, Katsina State, Nigeria
E-mail: josrareditorialteam@gmail.com

Website:  https://josrar.esrgngr.org