Enantia chlorantha Stem Back Extracts Enhances Haematological Indices in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Wistar Rats

Abstract

Diabetes is associated with hyperglycemia and altered blood components owing to physiological imbalances.  The present study evaluated the effects of the hydro ethanol (HE) extract of Enantia chlorantha (E. chlorantha) stem bark (ECSB) on hyperglycemia and some haematological parameters in Streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic Wister rats.  Forty-nine male diabetic Wistar rats (FBS ≥ 200 mg/dL) fed with high fat diet for 28 days, were randomly placed in six groups of seven animals each and seven other non-diabetic high fat-fed rats were placed in Group 1 as normal control.  Groups 2 and 3 served as diabetic and reference drug control groups respectively, while Groups 4 - 7 served as test groups.  Treatments were orally administered twice daily for 14 days in the following order; Group II (no treatment), Group III (35 mg/kg bwt (body weigt) of metformin), Group IV (200 mg/kg bwt HE), Group V (400 mg/kg bwt HE), Group VI (200 mg/kg bwt EA) and Group VII (400 mg/kg bwt EA).  Results obtained showed that the untreated diabetic rats had hyperglycaemia and altered blood components, when compared with the non-diabetic rats.  However, administration of the HE and EA extracts attenuated hyperglycaemia and blood parameters such as RBC count, HGB, HCT, PLT and LYM concentrations compared to the diabetic control, while, WBC concentrations decreased accordingly.  These findings suggest that E. chlorantha improves hyperglycaemia and modulates haematological indices in favour of recovery during diabetic conditions.